Purchase, installation and inspection of the hotte

The safety management of the user of special equipment includes the selection and demonstration of equipment, installation and commissioning, the inspection of special inspection institutions, the formulation of safety management system, and the management of the whole process of maintenance, operation, transformation, overhaul, scrapping, etc

selection, installation and inspection of hoisting machinery

1.1 type selection

when choosing hoisting machinery, enterprises should first comprehensively consider the scope of use, frequency of work, utilization rate, rated lifting capacity and other factors of the enterprise, and select cranes suitable for the working class required by the unit. Conduct market research according to the proposed technical parameters. The selected supplier must be a professional crane manufacturer with special equipment safety license. We also investigated the processing equipment of the manufacturer in the "catalogue of key products of the development plan of the new material industry" 1025 rdquo "," catalogue of industrial structure adjustment and guidance "and" made in China 2025 "and other policies, which clearly defined the compatibility of key support and strong support for the industry, the standardization of production, and the progressiveness of products. After comparison, we chose hoisting machinery with reasonable price, good quality, excellent performance, and complete safety devices

after the arrival of the equipment, the unpacking inspection determines the size of the fixture structure and the labor intensity of fixture operation. When receiving, check whether the accompanying technical data are complete, whether the accompanying accessories, tools and accessories are consistent with the list, and whether the equipment and accessories have damage, defects, etc., and make unpacking acceptance records

1.2 selection of installation unit

the installation team of hoisting machinery can choose qualified manufacturers to form a one-stop service mode of manufacturing, installation and commissioning. In addition, the selected installation unit must be a professional team with the "special equipment installation (maintenance) safety approval certificate" issued by the provincial quality and technical supervision department, and have the installation qualification to install the corresponding lifting weight. After the installation unit is determined, it shall assist the installation unit in handling the commencement report of special equipment before installation, and check whether the construction organization plan, installation equipment, installation procedures, technical requirements, acceptance records of concealed works during installation, self inspection report, etc. of the installation team meet the requirements. After installation, the installation unit shall be supervised to conduct comprehensive self inspection, operation test and load test. After confirming that the self inspection is qualified, it shall be reported to the special equipment inspection organization for installation acceptance. After passing the acceptance and obtaining the "safe use license", it can be put into use. After passing the acceptance, the user unit shall file the attached technical data, installation data, inspection report and other relevant technical data of the crane. The regular inspection, overhaul, transformation, accident records and other data occurring in the later use are also stored in the safety technical archives of hoisting machinery

rules and regulations for the use and management of hoisting machinery

fully implement the regulations and policies such as the regulations on safety supervision of special equipment, implement comprehensive management of hoisting machinery by adopting a series of technical, economic and organizational management measures and applying advanced scientific management means and methods, so as to achieve careful planning, selective purchase, reasonable configuration, accurate installation, correct use, careful maintenance, scientific overhaul, safe production, regular inspection Timely transformation, timely scrapping and other whole process management. In order to obtain the economic life cycle cost of cranes, the highest comprehensive efficiency, ensure safe operation, and promote the development of enterprise production, technological progress and efficient operation

2.1 safety technical archives

the use enterprise of hoisting machinery should establish and improve the equipment safety technical archives, which include:

1) factory technical data of hoisting machinery, product certificate, operation and maintenance instructions, vulnerable parts drawing, electrical principle, electrical component layout, necessary safety accessories type test report, supervision and inspection certificate, which constitute fair development, orderly production, efficient utilization, advanced technology The intensively developed rare earth industry continues to develop healthily

(2) technical data, installation location and start-up time required in the installation process

(3) acceptance certificate or regular inspection report issued by special equipment inspection agency

(4) daily maintenance, maintenance, overhaul, transformation, change, inspection and test records

(5) equipment accident and personal accident records

(6) equipment safety evaluation of superior competent department

(7) maintenance and testing records of special equipment and safety accessories, safety protection devices, measurement and control devices and relevant auxiliary instruments and meters

2.2 hoisting machinery safety management system

to ensure the safe operation of hoisting machinery, there must be perfect management rules and regulations, so that operators have rules to follow and managers have laws to follow. Improve and implement the organization and management organization of special equipment, configure a strong professional management team, and maintain relative stability to meet the management requirements. The management system should include the following contents:

(1) emergency rescue plan for lifting machinery accidents

(2) post system of functional management departments and drivers

(3) technical regulations for safe operation

(4) maintenance, overhaul, transformation and scrapping system

(5) daily inspection and regular inspection and maintenance system

(6) training and assessment system for management, operation and maintenance personnel

(7) shift system for operators

(8) management system of safety technical archives of hoisting machinery

2.3 emergency measures and rescue plans for special equipment accidents

according to Article 31 of the regulations on safety supervision of special equipment, the unit using special equipment shall formulate emergency measures and rescue plans for special equipment accidents. The unit using special equipment shall set up an emergency rescue leading group led by the unit leader, dominated by the safety management department of special equipment and coordinated by relevant departments to clarify responsibilities and assign personnel. According to the use of the special equipment of the unit, judge the possible faults, dangers and accidents, and formulate countermeasures suitable for the characteristics of the lifting machinery of the unit. The measures shall include the handling principles of lifting machinery after accidents, the procedures, methods and steps to be taken in case of emergency, as well as the responsibilities, division of labor and cooperation of personnel of relevant departments, and regularly organize on-site exercises

operation management of lifting machinery

3.1 management of operators

operators should learn and master the structure, working principle, technical performance, safe operation procedures, maintenance and repair system and other relevant knowledge of the lifting machinery used as well as relevant national regulations, norms and standards before taking up their posts. After being trained by the local technical supervision department and having obtained the theoretical knowledge and practical operation skills, they can take up their posts and operate after passing the examination

3.2 "three fixed" management of lifting machinery

"three fixed" management is a system of designated person, fixed machine and fixed post. The "three fixed" system of hoisting machinery is first of all the formulation of the system and the determination of the form of the system, in which the determination of people and machines is the foundation. Everyone is required to be on duty and responsible, and the crane platform is operated and managed: "fixed post" is the guarantee

3.3 regular inspection and maintenance management

the use unit of lifting machinery should regularly inspect and maintain the lifting machinery in use, and formulate a regular inspection management system, including daily inspection, weekly inspection, monthly inspection and annual inspection, dynamically monitor the crane, and find and deal with abnormal conditions at any time, so as to ensure the safe operation of lifting machinery

(1) daily inspection

the driver is responsible for the routine maintenance items of the operation, mainly including cleaning, lubrication of the transmission parts, adjustment and fastening. Test the sensitivity and reliability of the safety device through operation, and monitor whether there is abnormal sound during operation

(2) weekly inspection

it is jointly carried out by maintenance workers and drivers. In addition to daily inspection items, the main contents are appearance inspection, inspection of the safety status of hooks, retrieval devices, wire ropes, etc., sensitivity and reliability of brakes, clutches, emergency alarm devices, and observation of whether the transmission parts have abnormal noise and overheating through operation

(3) monthly inspection

the inspection is organized by the equipment safety management department and carried out jointly with the relevant personnel of the user department. In addition to the weekly inspection content, it mainly detects the status of the power system, lifting mechanism, slewing mechanism, operating mechanism and hydraulic system of the lifting machinery, replaces the worn, deformed, cracked and corroded parts, and checks the reliability of the feeding device, controller, overload protection and safety protection device for the electrical control system. Check the fault symptoms caused by the leakage, pressure, temperature, vibration, noise and other reasons of the lifting machinery through the test operation. Through observation, the structure, support and transmission parts of the crane are subjectively tested in the state, so as to understand and master the technical state of the whole crane, and check and determine the fault source of abnormal phenomena

(4) annual inspection

the leaders of the unit shall organize the equipment safety management department to take the lead and carry out it together with relevant departments. In addition to the monthly inspection items, it mainly carries out the technical parameter detection and reliability test of the lifting machinery. Through the detection instrument, the wear of the moving parts of the lifting machinery and each working mechanism, the weld of the metal structure, the test and flaw detection, and through the test of the safety devices and components, the operation and technical status of the lifting equipment shall be evaluated. Arrange the overhaul, transformation and update plan

inspection contents of crane safety technology

there are two inspection methods of lifting machinery safety technology, one is sensory inspection; The other is to measure and control the equipment with testing instruments and meters

4.1 sensory inspection

the safety technical inspection of lifting machinery is mostly carried out by inspectors through looking, listening, smelling, asking and touching. Sensory inspection accounts for more than 70% of the inspection items of hoisting machinery specified in the inspection regulations for hoisting machinery (2002) No. 296. Through seeing, listening, smelling, asking and touching of the senses, we can make a comprehensive and intuitive diagnosis of the lifting machinery to obtain the required information and data

look: according to the structural characteristics of the lifting machinery, observe its important transmission parts, key points of the bearing structure, and the source of the fault phenomenon through vision

listening: analyze whether the running sound of each part of the lifting machinery is normal through hearing, judge the abnormal sound from the part, understand the cause, and find out the source of the disease

smell: identify the on-site smell of the moving parts of the lifting machinery through smell, and identify the location of overheating, wear and burning of parts

ask: ask the driver and relevant personnel about the fault prone points, fault process and category during the operation of the crane. Determine the safety technical status of the crane

touch: by touching the running parts of the crane with your hand, you can judge the fault location and nature according to the temperature change and vibration

the test pieces are cylinders 4.2 inspection of testing instruments

according to the development trend of lifting machinery at home and abroad, modern application condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology has been widely promoted in the design and use of lifting machinery. When the lifting machinery is in operation, use the monitoring and diagnostic instruments and expert monitoring system to inspect (monitor) the lifting machinery, grasp the technical status of the crane at any time, predict the fault symptoms and causes of the whole machine or system, and eliminate the accident in the bud

4.3 safety inspection of general parts of crane

(1) hook

check whether the mark and anti stripping device of the hook meet the requirements, and whether the hook has cracks, peeling and other defects; Whether the wear of hook section, the increase of opening degree and torsional deformation exceed the standard; Whether the neck and surface of the hook have fatigue deformation, cracks and